Epidemiological Characteristics of Chronic Renal Failure Patients of Hodeidah, Yemen in 2023

Abstract

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is an emergent worldwide public health problem. The increasing incidence of CRF warrants a need for an epidemiological approach to better understand the disease and its prevention.  Therefore, the study aims to describe the epidemiological characteristics of chronic renal failure patients in Hodeidah, Yemen.  The study included 560 patients with CRF in retrospective study (a case series based on medical files) in Center of Dialysis and Renal Diseases of Hodeidah, Yemen from 1^st January 2023 to 31^st December 2023. The patients were diagnosed based on evidence – based clinical practice guideline of all stages of CRF that was extracted from the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKFKDOQI). Epidemiological data were reported with ethical approval consideration, data obtained were analyzed. 560 cases were diagnosed with renal failure, 555 patients (99.107 %) of them were diagnosed with CRF and 5 patients (0.89 %) were diagnosed with acute renal failure (ARF). CRF patients was founded 61.81 % in the males while 38.11 % in the females. However, this difference was statistically significant (X²= 30.921; p < 0.00001). The age range of patients was from 5 to 95 years, where 54.64% of cases occurred more than 50 years then 39.28 % between 18 to 49 years and the lower frequency was in children less than 18 years (5.22%) with different significant ( X²= 226.314 ; p < 0.00001).  In addition, 81.98 % of patients in rural and 18.02 % in urban. The maximum cases were reported in summer session namely 13.21 % in July and 11.25 % in August. On the other hand , the major causes  were chronic diseases 406 case (73.14 %)  that diagnosed and recorded , 161 case (29 %) of  hypertension ,132 case (23.78 %) of diabetes , 113 (20.36 %)  of inflammation nephrolithiasis obstructive uropathy , 8 cases (1.44  %)  of genetic polycystic renal disease  , and 4 cases ( 0.72 % ) of sedative narcotic addiction and  137 case (24.68%) of unknown causes with different significant ( X²= 119.00 ; p < 0.00001).  The chronic diseases namely diabetes and hypertension were the major causes reported to develop the CRF, therefore, to prevent the development of CRF based on center for control diseases and control (CDC), managing risk factors.